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ATAC-seq (Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing)

Introduction to Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using Sequencing (ATAC-seq)

ATAC-seq is a high-throughput sequencing method used to analyze genome-wide chromatin accessibility, which is crucial for understanding the global epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Chromatin accessibility refers to the extent to which nuclear macromolecules can interact with chromatinized DNA, enabling transcription and other biological processes. Consequently, ATAC-seq provides valuable insights into the genome’s regulatory landscape by identifying regions where DNA is accessible for binding by various cellular factors.

Leveraging Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology with the Illumina NovaSeq platform, Novogene’s ATAC-seq service enables researchers to investigate genome-wide chromatin accessibility, a key factor in gene expression regulation. During ATAC-seq library preparation, sequencing adapters are inserted into open chromatin regions using the hyperactive Tn5 transposase. This allows for the capture of all open chromatin regions under specific space-time conditions, without being restricted to the binding sites of transcription factors or specific histone-modified regions like ChIP-seq.

ATAC-seq Highlights

  • Discover regions of open chromatin by profiling genome-wide active regions.
  • ATAC-seq does not require prior knowledge of regulatory elements.
  • Identify novel enhancers, promoters, and other regulatory elements involved in gene expression and function.
  • Help to explore correlations between open chromatin regions and transcription factors.

Advantages of ATAC-seq with Novogene

  • Flexible Sample Receiving Strategies: Accepts both cells and tissues with low starting amounts.
  • Profound Experience: Successfully completed hundreds of ATAC-seq projects as of 2023 and 2024.
  • Rapid and High Capacity: Industry-leading turnaround time.
  • Comprehensive Bioinformatic Analysis: Provides publication-ready results and offers bioinformatic consultants for ATAC-seq data interpretation.

Applications of ATAC-seq

  • Cancer research
  • Drug discovery & development
  • Rare & complex diseases
  • Immuno-oncology
  • Stem cells and developmental biology

ATAC-seq Specifications: Sample Requirements

Sample Type Required amount Cell viability
Cryopreserved Cells ≥ 500k cells ≥ 60%
Frozen Tissue ≥ 100mg (Recommended)
≥ 50mg (Min)
Fresh cells and other types of samples Please contact us

Refer to Data standards – ENCODE for more information about data amount and analysis process for ATAC-seq.

ATAC-seq Specifications: Sequencing and Analysis

Sequencing Platform Illumina NovaSeq Platform
Read Length Paired-end 150 bp
Recommended Data Amount 9-15 Gb per sample
Content of Data Analysis
  • Data quality control
  • Mapping
  • Peak calling and statistic
  • Motif analysis
  • Peak annotation and distribution analysis
  • Differential analysis, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis.
  • Visualization of ATAC-seq data

Project Workflow of Novogene ATAC-seq Service

The Novogene ATAC-seq service comprises four steps: Sample preparation, library preparation, sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis. The workflow cannot be paused after sample thawing due to the nature of the initial samples (cells/tissues). Please contact us for more information about your ATAC-seq projects.
To guarantee the accuracy and reliability of sequencing data, Novogene audits every experimental step through quality control, fundamentally ensuring high-quality data output from sampling to the final data report. This commitment to high-quality data is essential for the correctness, comprehensiveness, and credibility of bioinformatics analysis.





Featured Publications using Novogene ATAC-seq Service

Motif Analysis

Motif indicates the sequence conservation of the position of the peak, which may play a role in the regulation of gene expression.

Note: The most significant 25 motifs of lengths 8, 10, 12, 14 were identified for each set of experiments.
More detailed information for each motif is available in the result file and the readme file.


Distribution of ATAC-seq Reads Mapped to the Gene Body

Each gene, along with its 3kb upstream and 3kb downstream regions, is divided into bins according to the window size of 50bp. Full reports include additional analysis results related to the TSS (Transcription Start Site) following peak calling.


Peak Annotation

The distribution of peaks across various functional areas is shown below. The correspondence between peaks and functional areas follows the priority order of promoter, 5’UTR, 3’UTR, Exon, Intron, Downstream, and Intergenic. Additional enrichment analysis is also included in full reports.


Differential Analysis

GO and KEGG enrichment analysis annotate differential peaks between groups enriched in the biological process, cellular component, molecular function, and biological pathway.

Note: Differential analysis can be performed between groups only when there are two or more groups.

*Please contact us to get the full demo report.