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Shotgun Metagenomic Sequencing

Introduction to Shotgun Metagenomic Sequencing

Shotgun metagenomic sequencing provides information on the total genomic DNA from all organisms in a sample, which is called metagenome, and there is no need to isolate and cultivate the microorganisms or amplification of target regions. This is crucial during the study of metagenome because it is believed that nearly 99% of all microorganisms cannot be cultivated in the laboratory. Unlike the targeted approach used in the 16S/18S/ITS amplicon sequencing, shotgun metagenomic sequencing provides not only information on the taxonomic annotations of each organism, but also the functional profiling, gene prediction and microbial interaction of the whole community, through shotgun sequencing approach.

With extensive experience and well-developed bioinformatics pipelines, our Metagenomic Shotgun sequencing services can help you with your metagenomics study, including determining the genomes, functions, and variations of microorganisms from diverse samples. Novogene’s Metagenomic shotgun sequencing service delivers high-quality data, publication-ready results, and personalized analysis to meet different research objectives. Novogene offers comprehensive metagenomics solutions, from the study of community structure and species classification to system evolution, gene function, and metabolic network of environmental microorganisms.

Applications of Shotgun Metagenomic Sequencing

From taxonomic profiling to functional analysis and metabolic networks, shotgun metagenomic sequencing can be used in many different research topics, including:

  • Annotation of microbial composition and function
  • Detection of microbes of interest related to human health, environmental recovery, and energy synthesis
  • Deep investigation of the genetic makeup and metabolism of microbes for drug development
  • Investigation of the microbe-host relationship, which can also be related to the development of new drugs

Benefits of Novogene Shotgun Metagenomic Sequencing

  • Shotgun metagenomic sequencing can be used to sequence multiple microorganisms, all in a single run, without specific isolation and cultivation of microorganisms or the amplification of target regions for either prokaryotes or eukaryotes. The results of metagenomic sequencing provide complete information not only about microbial diversity but also functional diversity and metabolic pathways in the samples.
  • Novogene has extensive experience providing metagenomic sequencing services to help clients obtain information from many different sample types, including soil, fecal, and water. Our newly improved metagenome assembly pipeline gives us the ability to provide long-read metagenome assembly services (PacBio Sequel II platform). This exciting development has made it possible to achieve complete maps of certain bacteria and fungi for taxonomy resolution and functional annotation.

Metagenomic Specifications: DNA Sample Requirements

Sample Type Amount Volume Concentration Purity
Total DNA ≥ 200 ng ≥20 μL ≥ 10 ng/μL A260/280 = 1.8-2.0

Note: Sample amounts displayed are for reference only. Download the Service Specifications to learn more. For detailed information, please contact us with your customized requests.

Metagenomic Specifications: Sequencing and Analysis

Sequencing Platform Illumina NovaSeq 6000
Read Length Pair-end 150 bp
Recommended Sequencing Depth ≥ 40 million read pairs per sample for species with reference genome
Standard Data Analysis
  • Data Quality Control
  • De novo Assembly
  • Gene Functional Annotation
  • Comparative Analysis between multiple samples

Note: Sequencing depths and analysis contents listed are for reference only. Download the Service Specifications to learn more. For detailed information, please contact us.

Project Workflow of Novogene Metagenomic Sequencing Services

In order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the sequencing data, quality control (QC), consistent with our high scientific standards, is performed at each step of the procedure. The shotgun metagenomic sequencing workflow comprises these main steps: sample preparation and quantification, fragmentation and library preparation, library quality control, sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis.

Featured publications with Novogene Shotgun Metagenomic Sequencing service

Shotgun Metagenomic Sequencing is a flexible approach to obtain microbial genomes among environments (de novo assembly), as well as gene functions (function annotation), and how they interact with each other (pathway analysis). Here presents a list of academic publications that have used Novogene Shotgun Metagenomic Sequencing services.

Core-pan Gene Rarefaction Curve

Novogene Metagenomic Sequencing Core-pan Gene Rarefaction Curve


Heatmap for the Relation among samples

Novogene Metagenomic Heatmap for the Relation Among Samples


Venn Figures for Gene Number among samples

Novogene Metagenomic Venn Figures for Gene Number among samples


Gene Number & Abundance Clustering Heatmap in genus level

Novogene Metagenomic Gene Number & Abundance Clustering Heatmap in genus level


Anosim Analysis at Phylum Level

Novogene Metagenomic Anosim Analysis at Phylum Level


Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) & Cladogram

Novogene Metagenomic Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) & Cladogram


Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) Annotation

Novogene Metagenomic Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) Annotation


Evolutionary Genealogy of Genes: Non-supervised Orthologous Groups (eggNOG) Annotation

Novogene Metagenomic eggNOG Annotation


PCA & NMDS Analysis Results based on relative abundance of gene functions

Novogene Metagenomic PCA & NMDS Analysis Results based on relative abundance of gene functions


Comparison Plot for Metabolic Pathway of multi-samples

Novogene Metagenomic Comparison Plot for Metabolic Pathway of multi-samples